CBSE Class 12th NCERT Syllabus 2025-26 – Hindi, English, Science, Maths & More
Access the official CBSE Class 12th NCERT Syllabus 2025-26for all subjects including Hindi and English. Get detailed topic-wise syllabus, exam pattern, marks distribution, practicals, and downloadable PDFs designed to guide your board exam preparation successfully.
The CBSE Class 12th NCERT Syllabus 2025-26 is the official curriculum that guides students for their board examinations. It covers all streams including Science, Commerce, Humanities/Arts, and languages like Hindi and English. The syllabus details units, topics, marks distribution, and practicals, helping students plan their study strategically to excel in exams and competitive tests.
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Subject-Wise Detailed Syllabus for CBSE Class 12th 2025-26
Science Stream
Physics
Unit No.
Unit Name
Marks
1
Electrostatics
8
2
Current Electricity
8
3
Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism
8
4
Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents
8
5
Electromagnetic Waves
3
6
Optics
14
7
Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
4
8
Atoms and Nuclei
6
9
Electronic Devices
7
Total
66 (Theory) + 14 (Practical)
Description:
Covers advanced concepts in electricity, magnetism, optics, and modern physics with practical experiments.
Chemistry
Unit No.
Unit Name
Marks
1
Solid State
4
2
Solutions
5
3
Electrochemistry
5
4
Chemical Kinetics
5
5
Surface Chemistry
4
6
General Principles and Isolation of Elements
3
7
p-Block Elements
8
8
d-Block Elements
5
9
f-Block Elements
3
10
Haloalkanes and Haloarenes
4
11
Alcohols, Phenols, and Ethers
4
12
Aldehydes, Ketones, and Carboxylic Acids
6
13
Amines
4
14
Biomolecules
3
15
Polymers
3
16
Chemistry in Everyday Life
2
Total
70 (Theory) + 30 (Practical)
Description:
Focuses on chemical principles, reactions, and industrial applications.
Biology
Unit No.
Unit Name
Marks
1
Reproduction
14
2
Genetics and Evolution
18
3
Biology in Human Welfare
14
4
Biotechnology and Its Applications
10
5
Ecology and Environment
14
Total
70 (Theory) + 30 (Practical)
Description:
Includes human physiology, genetics, environment, and biotechnological tools.
Mathematics
Unit No.
Unit Name
Marks
1
Relations and Functions
8
2
Algebra
10
3
Calculus
35
4
Vectors and 3D Geometry
14
5
Linear Programming
5
6
Probability
8
Total
80 (Theory) + 20 (Internal Assessment)
Description:
Emphasizes problem-solving skills and advanced mathematical concepts.
Commerce Stream
Accountancy
Unit No.
Unit Name
Marks
1
Partnership Accounts
30
2
Company Accounts
20
3
Analysis of Financial Statements
12
4
Cash Flow Statement
8
Total
70 (Theory) + 30 (Project/Practical)
Business Studies
Unit No.
Unit Name
Marks
1
Principles and Functions of Management
16
2
Business Finance and Marketing
20
3
Business Environment
14
4
Nature and Significance of Management
10
5
Consumer Protection
10
Total
80 (Theory) + 20 (Project)
Economics
Unit No.
Unit Name
Marks
1
Introductory Macroeconomics
40
2
Indian Economic Development
40
Total
80 (Theory) + 20 (Project)
Arts / Humanities Stream
History
Unit No.
Unit Name
Marks
1
Themes in Indian History Part-I
25
2
Themes in Indian History Part-II
25
3
Themes in Indian History Part-III
30
Total
80 (Theory) + 20 (Project)
Political Science
Unit No.
Unit Name
Marks
1
Contemporary World Politics
40
2
Politics in India Since Independence
40
Total
80 (Theory) + 20 (Project)
Geography
Unit No.
Unit Name
Marks
1
Fundamentals of Human Geography
30
2
India – People and Economy
30
3
Practical Work
20
Total
70 (Theory) + 30 (Practical)
Languages
Hindi (Core)
Unit No.
Unit Name
Marks
1
Reading Comprehension
20
2
Writing Skills and Grammar
20
3
Literature Textbooks and Supplementary Reading Text
40
Total
80 (Theory) + 20 (Internal Assessment)
Description:
Emphasizes reading, writing, grammar, and literature including poetry, prose, and plays from NCERT prescribed books.
English (Core)
Unit No.
Unit Name
Marks
1
Reading Comprehension
20
2
Writing Skills
20
3
Literature Textbook (Hornbill) and Supplementary Reader (Snapshots)
40
Total
80 (Theory) + 20 (Internal Assessment)
Description:
Focuses on comprehension, creative and formal writing skills, and understanding of prose, poetry, and drama.
Syllabus PDF Download
Download the official syllabus PDFs for all subjects at the CBSE Academic website: CBSE Academic Syllabus 2025
Recommended Books
Subject
Recommended Books
Physics
NCERT Physics Part I & II, HC Verma Concepts of Physics
Chemistry
NCERT Chemistry Part I & II, OP Tandon Chemistry
Biology
NCERT Biology, Trueman’s Biology
Mathematics
NCERT Mathematics, RD Sharma, RS Aggarwal
Accountancy
NCERT Accountancy, TS Grewal Accountancy
Business Studies
NCERT Business Studies, Poonam Gandhi BST
Economics
NCERT Economics, Sandeep Garg Economics
History
NCERT History, Bipan Chandra History of Modern India
Political Science
NCERT Political Science
Geography
NCERT Geography, G.C. Leong Physical Geography
Hindi (Core)
NCERT Hindi Textbooks (Vasant, Sparsh, etc.)
English (Core)
NCERT Hornbill, Snapshots
Preparation Tips
Understand the entire syllabus and weightage carefully.
Make a daily and weekly study plan focusing on strong and weak topics.
Stick primarily to NCERT books for theory and practice.
Solve previous years’ question papers and sample papers regularly.
Practice writing answers within time limits to improve speed and accuracy.
Revise diagrams, formulas, and important concepts frequently.
Take regular mock tests to boost confidence.
For languages, practice writing essays, letters, and comprehension passages consistently.
Specialization Notes
Science: Suitable for future engineers, doctors, and scientific research careers.
Commerce: Best for careers in finance, business management, accounting, and economics.
Arts/Humanities: Ideal for social sciences, law, civil services, and creative professions.
Languages (Hindi & English): Fundamental for communication skills and essential for literature or teaching fields.
Conclusion
The CBSE Class 12 NCERT Syllabus 2025-26 provides a comprehensive roadmap for academic success. A thorough understanding and disciplined preparation following this syllabus will enable students to perform well in board exams and prepare effectively for competitive exams. Focusing on NCERT textbooks, practicing question papers, and regular revision are key to scoring high marks.
Important FAQs
Q1: Is the 2025-26 CBSE Class 12 syllabus reduced?
A: No, the syllabus follows the full NCERT curriculum as mandated by CBSE.
Q2: Are NCERT books sufficient for CBSE Class 12 board exams?
A: Yes, NCERT books cover most of the exam syllabus. Reference books and practice papers can help enhance understanding.
Q3: How many hours should I study daily?
A: A consistent 5-6 hours of focused study is recommended for good preparation.
Q4: Where can I download the official syllabus PDF?
